Health and Health Promotion Essay

A traditional approach to wellness tutorship in common is one in which the remainder of intervention is disease management in an attempt to minimize the harmful effects of a wellness crisis. at once a wellness crisis occurs, the quality of life for an individual is already negatively impacted. Therefore, wellness promotion is an equally, if non more just ab give away-valuable, component of health c atomic number 18 that aims to improve the quality of life. Through the primary streak efforts of health promotion, stress on avoiding disease and adopting a healthy lifestyle offers the greatest prospect for a healthy and fulfilling life. As primary c atomic number 18 givers, nurses play an important consumption in health promotion by demonstrating proper attitudes and conduct mildewing, by providing valuable patient commandment and by advocating for and empowering patients and their fami resides. There are numerous nurse theories which provide a framework for nurses to empl oy health promoting strategies in their institutionalise. Defining health and Health PromotionOne of the most widely used definitions of health is that of the gentleman Health Organization (WHO) Health is a accede of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. Since the publishing of the WHO definition, changes in creation demographics, the aging of society, and the changing nature of disease have caused researchers to question the relevance of this definition in todays world. One criticism is that the belief of complete health disregards those with continuing complaintes who can learn to live fulfilling lives (Huber et. al, 2011). gibe to ODonnell (2009) health is not a constantstate, but a state that continually evolves with life circumstances. Regardless, health isclearly a complex state that exists both to, and apart from, its relationship to illness.Health promotion is a ferment that benefits both the individual and society. The essence of health promotion is the preservation of health. fondness for the sick is a reactive intervention to health premeditation issues whereas health promotion is a proactive strategy for prevention. An important step needful to shift the momentum of health anguish to a proactive role is devising the public aware of how they can actively get into in managing and up(p) their own health. As noted by Jadelhack (2012), Health promotion is carried out by and with commonwealth, not on or to people (p. 85). Education is a aboriginal factor in this step, as well as providing people with the resources needed to live out strategies for a healthy lifestyle. Improved health reduces health caveat costs and improves the overall quality of life. The Role of Nursing openingNursing theory and nursing practice are interrelated processes, and uncomplete one holds value without the other. Theories unapplied are speculative, and practice without purpose is ineffective. To adequately participate in health promotion strategies, nurses must understand the basis for, and the goal of, their practice. ii theories that demonstrate health promotion are Neumans Systems work and Roys Adaptation Model of Nursing. both models provide a substantialness framework for nurses to develop and employ health promotion strategies when caring for their patients. In the neonatal intensifier Care Unit (neonatal intensive perplexity unit), application of these theories can alter to the health status of both infants and their families. These theories complement each other in the process of the developmental care practices that are found to be an inseparable component of health promotion in this singular patient population. Two TheoriesBetty Neumans System model focuses on how patients respond to milieual stressors, and on how nurses can help maintain wellness through the use of prevention strategies aimed at attaining, maintaining, or retaining what Neumans model r efers to as patient remains wellness. According to this theory, patients are multidimensional beings, having a physiological, psychological, socio-cultural, spiritual and developmental element.Maintaining stability in all these elements is necessary for preserving the state of wellness. The internal environment, the external environment, and the created environment can both positively or negatively affect wellness. Neuman proposes that illness and death are the results of environmental stressors that deplete the patients heartiness resources needed to maintain a state of health. It would stand to reason then, if stressors are reduced or eliminated, less energy would be consumed and could be for sale for the process of health maintenance. Similarly, Sister CallistaRoys Adaptation Model addresses the interaction between an individual and their environment. This model considers an individuals ability to lodge to a changing environment. According to Roy, adaptation involves how a person views themselves, their role in a situation, interdependence, and meeting physiological needs. Two important processes in the adaptation theory embarrass an automatic physiological response and a coping mechanism which facilitate the adaptive process. Practical Applicationboth Neumans and Roys theories are applicable in the neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), a highly specialized area of nursing that cares for one of the most vulnerable patient populations the preterm and critically ill infant. Both theories focus on the patient and their environment. The very nature of the NICU environment can negatively affect the infant who is already struggling with an mental unsoundness in their internal environments. Immature physiological, structural, and neurological systems are not lively to handle the external world outside the womb. Using Newmans model, nursing practices aimed at reducing stress from the external environment and those facilitating stability indoors the internal environment of the infant are key to optimizing outcomes for the at-risk premature infant. The practice of developmentally supportive care evolved from the realization that preterm infants are not tho affected by the external environment of the NICU, but are as well as active members responding to their environment and caregivers (Gibbins et. al, 2008). Core measures for developmentally supportive care include protected sleep, pain and stress assessment and management, developmental activities of daily living, family-centered care and a healing environment are identified as health promotion interventions for the NICU patient (Coughlin, Gibbins, & Hoath,2009).Practices such as cycled lighting, low illegitimate enterprise levels, facilitated handling, and kangaroo care are measures which help reduce the negative effects of the NICU environment, stabilize the internal environment of the infant, and promote positive human relationships. The principles of Roys Adaptation Model can be applied to the process of family-centered care as it relates to a parents ability to adapt to the unpredicted delivery of a premature infant. This unexpected event interferes with the psychosocial adaptation of the family, complicating revolution to parenthood and the incorporation of a new child into the family system (Zimmerman & Bauersachs, 2012). Allowing parents to be active participants in their infants care is a key factor toward promoting emotional, psychological, and physical health of the members in the family unit. Barriers to Health PromotionBecause of the unique environment of the NICU, barriers to health promotion activities through developmental and family-centered care efforts lie in family, health care provider and institutional challenges rather than in the NICU patient themselves. Problems with inadequate resources, insufficient staffing, and a lack of education and support for both nursing and parents often impede these efforts (Bamm & Rosenbaum, 2008). Interv entions used in the stabilization of infants and competition for resources often draw nurses toward task oriented care, force parents to the periphery of the NICU environment (Galarza-Winton et. al., 2013). Fear, insecurity, and powerlessness are barriers for parents that can be abated by developing strong nurse-parent relationships based on mutual obligingness and trust, and through the promotion of family-centered care. Successful health promotion through developmental care practices are evidenced by parental bonding and self-reliance in caregiving as well as improved weight gain, in front discharge, and improved developmental outcomes for infants. ConclusionDespite advances in health care, health care costs continue to rise. In 2006, costs in the U.S. exceeded dickens trillion dollars, with three-fourths of that bills used to treat chronic diseases (Goetzel, 2009). Smoking, inebriant and drug use, obesity, inactivity, poor quality nutrition, and limited access to health ca re are all examples of modifiable risk factors that contribute to illness and chronic disease. Poor health reduces the generalquality of life and places a marrow on individuals, families, and societies. Strategies for health promotion must be developed at many levels including the community, healthcare providers and the government. The aim of health promotion is empowering people to contain responsibility for their health, as well as providing them with adequate preventative care. As Benjamin Franklin once noted An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure.ReferencesBamm, E., & Rosenbaum, P. (2008). Family-centered theory Origins, development, barriers, and supports to implementation in rehabilitation medicine. Archives of visible Medicine and Rehabilitation, 89(8), 1618-1624. http//dx.doi.org/doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2007.12.034 Betty Neumans System Model. (2012). Retrieved April 30, 2014, from http//currentnursing.com/nursing_theory/Neuman.html Coughlin, M., Gibbins, S., & Hoa th, S. (2009). Core measures for developmentally supportive care in neonatal intensive care units theory, precedence and practice. Journal of advanced Nursing, 65(10), 2239-2246. http//dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2009.0502.x Galarza-Winton, M., Dicky, T., OLeary, L., Lee, S. K., & OBrien, K. (2013). Implementing family-integrated care in the NICU Educating nurses. Advances in Neonatal Care, 13(5), 335-340. http//dx.doi.org/10.1097/ANC.0b013e3182a14cde Gibbins, S., Hoath, S., Coughin, M., Gibbins, A., & Franck, L. (2008). The universe of developmental care a new conceptual model for application in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Advances in Neonatal Care, 8(3), 141-147. http//dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.ANC.0000324337.01970.76 Goetzel, R. A. (2009). Do prevention or treatment services save money? The wrong debate. Health Affairs, 28 (1), 37-41. http//dx.doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.28.1.37 Huber, M., Knottnerus, J. A., Green, L., Van der Horst, H., Jadad, A. R., Kromhaut, D., Smid, H. (2 011, ). How should we define health? British Journal of Medicine, 343 (6). http//dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.d4163 Jadelhack, R. (2012). Health promotion in nursing and cost-effectiveness. Journal of ethnic Diversity, 19(2), 65-68. Retrieved from http//searchebscohost.com/login.aspx.?direct=true&db=c8h&AN=2011602897&site=nrc=perc Roys Adaptation Model. (2013). Retrieved April 30, 2014, from Modelhttp//currentnursing.com/nursing_theory/Roy_adaptation_model.html The galvanizing Ben Franklin A quick biography of Benjamin Franklin. (n. d.). Retrieved May 1, 2014, from http//www.ushistory.org/FRANKLIN/info/ World Health Organization. (1948). Official Records of the World Health Organization. Retrieved April 30, 2014, from http//who.int/about/definition/en/print.html Zimmerman, K., & Bauersachs, C. (2012). Empowering NICU parents. International Journal of Childbirth Education, 27(1), 51-53. 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